The Mystical Monsoon

    

Overview about Mysterious Monsoon in India.

  Monsooning , monsoon, and Indian monsoon are some common terminology that we came across through Television, Radio and through other media. What would be the driving factor for the monsoons.

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                     Generally, India is experiencing rainfall from the month of June till December every year. But what is the reason for this cyclic rainfall every year. It is due to a phenomenon called 'Monsoon'. As monsoon is round the corner, we will see about this Monsoon and how it is formed in this article.

What is Monsoon?

                   The word Monsoon is derived from an Arabic word 'Mausim' which means season ( a word used to indicate the change in direction of wind). Monsoon is a season in which the direction of the prevailing winds get altered.

                   Due to this Monsoon, Southern Asian region of the world experience heavy rainfall. However the most predominant monsoon is the monsoon over India. This monsoon plays a vital role in Indian economy in a positive and negative way. Generally there are two types of monsoon. They are,

• South-West monsoon (70-80% of rainfall in India)
• North-East monsoon (approximately 30% of rainfall in India)

The above classification is based on the direction of the wind it flows. 

How it is formed?

                  Winds are always blown from areas of high pressure to low pressure. When the temperature increases, the pressure decreases and vice versa. Due to the high temperature at the end of May month, a great low pressure is developed over Northwestern part of the country.

  

                   Meanwhile the Ocean gets cooler. As the temperature in the Ocean becomes low, the wind will blow from the Ocean to the land in South-East direction. When it hits the Equator, it starts to blow from South-West due to Coriolis effect. 

                 Thus it arrives Kerala by June 1, indicating the onset of South-West monsoon in India. Kerala is the gateway of South-West monsoon in India. Generally, this South-West monsoon starts from June 1 and last till the end of September.

                  After this South-West monsoon, the land will become cooler than the sea creating a high pressure in land which causes the wind to flow from area of high pressure to low pressure that is from the land to the sea. 

                 The South-West monsoon is diverted due to this and starts to flow from the North-East direction indicating the onset of North-East monsoon in India. Generally, this North-East monsoon starts from October 15 and last till the end of December.

Which decides the arrival and departure of monsoon?

              The arrival and departure of monsoon is decided by a factor called Jet Stream. Jet stream is the air current in the atmosphere. It forms when warm and cold air meet. When the intensity of warm and cold air is high, the speed of clouds will increase and thus result in erratic rainfall.

             Besides this, there are numerous factors such as El niño and La Niña which are responsible for the arrival and departure of monsoon. To know more about this, click the link below,

https://mausam.imd.gov.in/ 

What is the effect of monsoon in India and Tamilnadu?

            Generally, Tamilnadu receives less rainfall during South-West monsoon. The reason for this is the Western ghats which is a continuous range unlike Eastern ghats hinder the monsoonal wind and rain bearing clouds so that the rainfall is less in Tamilnadu. However the districts Nilgris, Coimbatore, Kanyakumari will enjoy rainfall from both monsoons.

           The average rainfall that India gets from both monsoons is 1,187 mm. Tamilnadu gets 945 mm of rain from both monsoons. Out of that of that 48% of rainfall is from North-East monsoon and 32% of rainfall is from South-West monsoon and remaining from low pressure depression and cyclonic rainfall. To know about Statewise rainfall in India, click the link below,

http://www.rainwaterharvesting.org/urban/rainfall.htm 

           In India, the place which receives highest rainfall due to monsoon is Mawsynram. It receives about 10,000 mm rainfall. The place which receives second highest rainfall due to monsoon is Cherrapunji. The place which receives least rainfall due to monsoon in India is Rajasthan.

          These are the facts that we collected about monsoon. Hope this will be an informative article to you. 

Our other article about the cyclones

Swirling disaster

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Sentence usage

The small scale vendors are woebegone due to lockdown.

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